论目的论视角下文化负载词的翻译技巧——以杨宪益英译《红楼梦》为例
On the Translation Skills of Culture-Loaded Words from the Perspective of Skopos Theory—A Case Study of Yang Xianyi’s Translation Version of The Dream of Red Mansions

长期以来，人们一直对文化负载词的翻译争论不休。本文根据汉斯？弗米尔(Hans Vermeer)提出的目的论三原则，即目的原则、连贯原则和忠实原则分析杨宪益先生翻译《红楼梦》中文化负载词应用的翻译技巧，大致可分为替换、直译、意译等。通过具体实例阐述译者对目的论的遵循，进一步领略目的论三原则之间的相互关系。目的论认为译者目的决定译者行为，因此通过分析译者的翻译策略也可走进译者的内心世界，站在译者的角度体会其对不同翻译技巧的权衡，从而颠覆大众对译者的传统偏见。
People have debated on the translation of culture-loaded words for a long time. This paper tries to analyze the translation skills used by Mr. Yang Xianyi in translating culture-loaded words in The Dream in Red Mansions according to the three principles of the Skopos theory put forward by Vermeer, which are respectively Skopos rule, coherence rule and fidelity rule. In general, the skills used include transliteration, substitution, direct translation, free translation and etc. This paper expounds the translator’s adherence to Skopos theory through concrete examples and further understands the mutual relationship among the three principles of Skopos theory. Moreover, Skopos theory proposes that the aims of translators decide their actions, so by analyzing the translation skills used, readers can enter into the translators’ inner mind and know more about their balance of different skills, through which the traditional prejudices against translators will be finally subverted.