南宁铁路地区食品安全风险微生物检测结果与分析
Results and Analysis of Microbiological Tests for Food Safety Risks in Nanning Railway Area

目的：了解南宁市铁路地区食品安全情况，为该地区食源疾病的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法：2018年至2021年对南宁市铁路地区(站车、车站及周边)售卖的熟肉制品、饮品、豆制品、乳制品、盒饭、水产品、蜜饯、鲜湿米粉等8类食品随机抽样，并进行微生物检测。结果：1) 2018年至2021年每年抽检食品的不合格例数虽略有差异，但差异无统计学意义(χ² = 1.202, P = 0.753)。但4年来各类食品微生物指标合格例数有显著差异，差异有统计学意义(χ² = 114.96, P < 0.001)；2) 不合格食品大部分集中于鲜湿米粉类、水产品类，不合格例数分别为41.2%、27.1%。鲜湿米粉类的检出例数达到总抽检样品不合格例数的47.3%。其次为水产品类，为25.7%。结论：南宁市铁路地区的食品仍存在微生物污染情况，鲜湿米粉类、水产品应是南宁市铁路地区食品安全监管的重点。
Objective: To understand the food safety situation in Nanning railway area, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of food-borne diseases in this area. Methods: Eight kinds of food, including cooked meat products, drinks, soybean products, dairy products, boxed rice, aquatic products, preserves and fresh and wet rice noodles, were randomly sampled from railway stations and surrounding areas in Nanning from 2018 to 2021. Results: 1) There was a slight difference in the unqualified rate of sampled food from 2018 to 2021, but the difference was not statistically significant (χ² = 1.202, P = 0.753). However, there were significant differences in the qualified rate of all kinds of food microbial indexes in the past 4 years (χ² = 114.96, P < 0.001). 2) Most of the unqualified food was concentrated in fresh and wet rice flour and aquatic products, and the unqualified rate was 41.2% and 27.1%, respectively. The detection rate of fresh and wet rice flour reached 47.3% of the total unqualified rate. The second was aquatic products, accounting for 25.7%. Conclusion: There is still microbial contamination in food in Nanning railway area. Fresh and wet rice noodles and aquatic products should be the focus of food safety supervision in Nanning railway area.