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内部注意在维度层面对视觉工作记忆的影响
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Abstract:
视觉工作记忆是一个容量有限的记忆系统，因此内部注意对其储存内容进行选择、控制和维持，具有至关重要的作用。回溯线索是研究内部注意对视觉工作记忆影响的重要工具，回溯线索可以根据提示内容不同分为基于客体线索的回溯线索和基于维度的回溯线索，两者之间存在显著差异。近几年出现的回溯维度线索成为研究的热点之一。目前虽已有文章总结了基于客体的回溯线索的研究内容，但基于维度的回溯线索研究的内容和进展并没有得到梳理和总结。本文通过梳理相关文献发现相对与基于客体维度回溯线索，基于维度回溯线索更具有全局性、脆弱性等特性；回溯维度线索的效果受到具体的视觉维度、记忆数量、个体差异等因素的影响；以及产生回溯维度效应的内在机制可能以防止记忆随时间衰退、以非目标物体为代价等原因；最后对未来研究提出方向和建议。
Visual working memory is a memory system with limited capacity, thus internal attention plays a crucial role in selecting, controlling, and maintaining its stored content. Retro-cues are an important tool to study the influence of internal attention on visual working memory. Retro-cues are an important paradigm for studying the influence of internal attention on visual working memory. Depending on the different content of the cue, it can be divided into object-based retro-cue and dimension-based retro-cue and there are significant differences between them. The emergence of dimension-based retro-cue in recent years has become one of the hot topics of research. There are articles summarizing the research contents of object-based retro-cue, but the contents and progress of research on dimension-based retro-cue have not been sorted out and summarized. In this paper, we find that compared with object-based retro-cue, dimension-based retro-cue is more global, fragile; the effect of dimension-based retro-cue is influenced by visual dimensions, the number of memory sequences, individual differences and other factors; and the intrinsic mechanism of retro-cue benefits may be based on the reasons of preventing memory from time-based decay or taking non-target objects as the cost. Finally, we make suggestions for future directions and research.
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