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应用有限元法研究脊柱生物力学的新进展
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Abstract:
FEA是一种最初用于工程力学的方法。许多研究表明，它不仅可以用于骨科生物力学研究，而且是计算机辅助脊柱病理模拟最有效的工具。FEM在脊椎疾病和植入物生物力学研究中具有无可比拟的优势。随著工业化进程的不断推进，脊柱损伤病例逐年增多。脊椎损伤因其解剖结构复杂，周围紧邻重要神经、血管，对手术医师来说，是一大挑战。尽管影像学检查可作为治疗的一种有效辅助手段，但它不能预测体内内植物的受力状况和取出时机，有一定的局限性。利用有限元分析方法制定可视化的术前计划，可以很好地弥补这个不足。另外，与传统尸体试验相比，有限元分析具有操作简单、模型获取方便、实验可靠性高等优点。
FEA is a method originally used in engineering mechanics. Many studies have shown that it can not only be used in orthopaedic biomechanical research, but also the most effective tool for computer-aided spinal pathological simulation. FEM has incomparable advantages in the study of spinal diseases and implant biomechanics. With the continuous advancement of industrialization, spinal injury cases are increasing year by year. Spinal injury is a great challenge for surgeons because of its complex anatomical structure and close proximity to important nerves and blood vessels. Although imaging examination can be used as an effective auxiliary means of treatment, it can not predict the stress status and removal time of plants in vivo, which has some limitations. Making visual preoperative plan by finite element analysis can make up for this deficiency. In addition, compared with the traditional cadaver test, finite element analysis has the advantages of simple operation, convenient model acquisition and high experimental reliability.
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