目的：探讨产科患者发生深静脉血栓的危险因素，探讨护理措施。方法：回顾性分析我市二甲以上医院2000~2021年发生LEDVT的产科患者，共找到有效的可分析的病例23例纳入观察组。选取2020年1月~2021年5月在我院住院未发生LEDVT的75例产科患者纳入对照组，观察分析两组一般人口学特征、生理生化指标、孕期用药、围产期血液生化指标情况等影响因素，并进行Logistic回归分析。结果：单因素显示，年龄、体重指数(BMI)、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、口服避孕药品、体育锻炼、D-二聚体和CRP指标等因素组间均存在差异(P < 0.05)；多因素Logistic回归分析显示，产科患者深静脉血栓形成的危险因素为：体重指数、吸烟、体育锻炼、患有糖尿病或高血压、D-二聚体和CRP生理指标高。结论：产科患者出现下肢深静脉形成血栓的影响单因素较多，其危险因素主要为：术后体重指数较高、缺乏体育锻炼、合并高血压、糖尿病等等，产科患者入院后要重点关注疾病史、检查结果，加强孕产知识的宣教力度。加强围手术期的护理干预，降低产科患者深静脉血栓并发症的发生率。
Objective: To explore the risk
factors and nursing measures of deep vein thrombosis in obstetric patients.
Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on obstetric patients with LEDVT
from 2000 to 2021 in hospitals above grade two in our city. A total of 23 valid
and analyzable cases were found and included in the observation group.
Seventy-five obstetric patients without LEDVT hospitalized in our hospital from
January 2020 to May 2021 were included in the control group, and the
influencing factors such as general demographic characteristics, physiological
and biochemical indicators, medication during pregnancy and perinatal blood
biochemical indicators of the two groups were observed and analyzed, and
Logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: There were differences in
age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes, smoking, oral
contraception, physical exercise, D-dimer and CRP among the single factor
groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for DVT in obstetric patients were body mass index, smoking, physical exercise, diabetes or hypertension, high physiological indexes of D-dimer and CRP. Conclusion: There are many single factors influencing the occurrence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in obstetric patients, and the main risk factors are: high postoperative body mass index, lack of physical exercise, hypertension, diabetes, etc. After admission, obstetrical patients should pay attention to the disease history and examination results, and strengthen the propaganda and education of pregnancy and childbirth knowledge. Strengthen perioperative nursing intervention to reduce the incidence of complications of obstetric patients with deep vein thrombosis.
