报考军校生对比敏感度和立体视觉调查与分析
Survey and Analysis of Contrast Sensitivity and Stereoscopic Vision in Adolescents That Join the Army

目的：测试正常报考军校的青少年视觉对比敏感度，分析这部分人群视觉对比敏感度的正常值范围，为制定相关体检标准奠定基础。方法：选择2018年~2019年报考军校体检来我院的青少年，视力 ≥ 1.0，屈光度范围球镜？0.5~+2.5 DS，柱镜不超过0.5 DC，无眼部病变的619名男性青年，应用美国视觉检查仪(OPTEC6500)测定明视、暗视状态下5个空间频率的视觉对比敏感度。并分别检查其远、近距离立体视觉。结果：均数折线图显示其视觉对比敏感度最大值在空间频率6.0 c/d，95%可信区间反应了每个空间频率的正常值范围。除了低频率(1.5 c/d)明视暗视视觉对比敏感度值没有统计学意义外，其余空间频率(3c/d, 6 c/d, 12 c/d, and 18c/d)下明视暗视的CSF比较差异均具有统计学意义(P < 0.01)。所有被检者近立体视锐度均为40秒角('') (100%)；远立体视锐度40~60秒角有610名(98.5%)，100秒角8名(1.3%)，200秒角1名(0.16%)。结论：本研究针对特定人群记录对比敏感度各个频率的分布，总结了其正常范围，为制定相关行业体检标准提供了数据支持；对比敏感度和立体视觉检查不仅是视功能检查的主要项目，在其他特殊职业选拔和体检中也有重要意义。
Aim: To analyze the normal range of visual contrast sensitivity function (CSF), we tested the visual contrast sensitivity in adolescents that join the army. And lay the foundation for establishing relevant physical examination standards. Methods: Measured five spatial frequencies visual contrast sensitivity of totally 619 male youths who applied for physical examination of military academy from year 2018 to 2019 with naked visual acuity ≥ 1.0, spherical lens ranges from ？0.5 to +2.5D and cytdnder ≤ 0.5 D which selected by physical examination. The instrument is American OPTEC6500 Visual inspection device. And check them the near, far distance stereoscopic vision separately. Results: Mean line graph showed the maximum visual contrast sensitivity was at 6.0 c/d. And the 95% confidence interval reflects the normal range of each spatial frequency visual contrast sensitivity. The CSF to 3c/d, 6 c/d, 12 c/d and 18c/d in photopic and scotopic conditions showed significant statistical difference (P < 0.01), while no difference was found in 1.5 c/d conditions. The near stereopsis acuity of 610 subjects was 40 seconds (98.5%). There were 8 cases (1.3%) with far stereoscopic acuity angle of 40~60seconds, 1 case with 100 second angle and 1 case with 200 second angle (0.16%). Conclusion: This study summarized the normal range of each frequency contrast sensitivity in specific population. It provides date support for the establishment of contrast sensitivity examimation standard for related occupation. Contrast sensitivity and stereoscopic vision are not only one of the main items of visual function examinations, they have significance for selections of other special occupations as well.