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NICU家庭参与式护理对晚期早产儿的临床效果估计
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Abstract:
目的：探讨新生儿重症监护室(Neonatal intensive care unit, NICU)中实施家庭参与式护理(Family integrated care, FICare)对晚期早产儿的影响。方法：前瞻性研究纳入2017年1月至2018年1月日照市妇幼保健院入住NICU胎龄34周~36周7天的晚期早产儿70例，随机分为观察组、对照组各35例。观察组在传统NICU护理模式基础上给予每日不少于4 h家庭参与式护理干预，对照组实施传统NICU护理模式。比较两组患儿母乳喂养情况、体重增长速度、院内感染率、平均住院天数、父母紧张焦虑评分量表(Parent Stress Scale, PSS)评分、矫正胎龄40周新生儿行为神经测定(Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment, NBNA)评分。结果：观察组患儿母乳喂养率、体重增长速度、矫正胎龄40周NBNA评分明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。两组院内感染率、平均住院天数比较，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。观察组出院时PSS评分下降程度显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：NICU实施FIC干预可以提高晚期早产儿母乳喂养率，促进体重增长及行为发育，并能降低患儿父母的紧张焦虑情绪。
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Family integrated care (FIC) in Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) on late preterm infants. Methods: In this prospective study, 70 late preterm infants with gestational age of 34 weeks to 36 weeks and 7 days admitted to NICU in Rizhao Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were randomly divided into control group (n = 35) and observation group (n = 35). The control group was given traditional NICU nursing mode, and the observation group was given family participation nursing intervention of no less than 4 hours a day on the basis of traditional NICU nursing mode. The breastfeeding, weight gain rate, hospital infection rate, average length of stay, Parent Stress Scale PSS score and Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) score of 40 weeks of gestational age were compared between the two groups. Results: Breastfeeding rate, weight growth rate and corrected gestational age at 40 weeks NBNA score in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the rate of nosocomial infection and average length of stay between the two groups (P > 0.05). PSS score at discharge was lower than that at admission, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The degree of decline of PSS score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group at discharge, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The implementation of FIC intervention in NICU can improve the breast-feeding rate of late premature infants, promote weight gain and behavioral development, and reduce the tension and anxiety of the parents of infants.
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