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肺炎诊断标志物的研究进展
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Abstract:
肺炎常常因为无法早期区分是细菌性还是病毒性的感染，造成抗生素的滥用和额外的医疗负担，尽管只有一小部分病人需要使用抗生素，但高达72%的肺炎患者接受抗菌治疗，过度使用抗菌药物会增加耐药细菌的流行性，引起并发症，如艰难梭菌相关性腹泻。准确诊断是病毒还是细菌感染对于肺炎的治疗尤为重要。尽管临床目前有相关病原学的辅助检测，但肺炎的感染可能是单一性的，也可能是病毒和细菌共同感染，单一临床指标的检测不能解决这个问题。本文主要论述目前临床常用的肺炎诊断标志物及其研究进展。
Pneumonia often causes antibiotic abuse and additional medical burden because it is unable to distinguish bacterial or viral infection at an early stage. Although only a small number of patients need to use antibiotics, up to 72% of pneumonia patients receive empirical antibacterial treatment. Excessive use of antibiotics will increase the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria and cause complications, for example, Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of virus or bacterial infection is particularly important for the treatment of pneumonia. Although there are relevant etiological auxiliary tests in clinic, the infection of pneumonia is likely to be the co-infection of virus and bacteria. The detection of a single clinical index cannot solve this problem. This paper mainly discusses the commonly used clinical diagnostic markers of pneumonia and its research progress.
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