193例狼疮性肾炎患者回顾性分析
Retrospective Analysis of 193 Patients with Lupus Nephritis

目的：探讨狼疮性肾炎(LN)患者的临床特征和独立危险因素。方法：采用IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0软件对比分析193例狼疮性肾炎患者(LN组)和178例非狼疮性肾炎的系统性红斑狼疮患者(非LN组)的性别、年龄、临床特征。结果：LN和非LN在年龄、性别上无差异；LN组患者无规律发热、双下肢浮肿、胸闷心慌和气短乏力的发生率高于非LN组，而鼻塞、嗜睡、月经过多和月经夹血块的发生率低于非LN组；LN组红细胞降低、淋巴细胞降低、RF阳性、抗ds-DNA抗体阳性、补体C3降低、血沉升高、IgG升高、IgM升高和IgA升高的发生率高于非LN组，而网织红细胞降低的发生率低于非LN组；多因素logistic回归显示LN组和非LN组在无规律发热、双下肢浮肿、红细胞降低、抗ds-DNA抗体阳性、IgG升高和IgM升高等方面有差异。结论：无规律发热、双下肢浮肿、红细胞降低、抗ds-DNA抗体阳性、IgG升高和IgM升高是LN患者的独立危险因素。
Object: To investigate the clinical features and independent risk factors of lupus nephritis (LN). Methods: The sex, age and clinical characteristics of 193 patients with lupus nephritis (LN group) and 178 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus without lupus nephritis (non-LN group) were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 software. Results: There was no difference in age and sex between LN and non-LN. The incidences of irregular fever, edema of both lower limbs, chest tightness and palpitation, shortness of breath weak in LN group were higher than those in non-LN group, while the incidences of nasal congestion, lethargy, menorrhagia and menstrual clot in non-LN group were lower than those in non-LN group. The incidences of erythrocyte decrease, lymphocyte decrease, RF positive, anti-ds-DNA antibody positive, complement C3 decrease, ESR increase, IgG increase, IgM increase and IgA increase in LN group were higher than those in non-LN group, while the incidence of reticulocyte decrease in LN group was lower than that in non-LN group. Binary logistic regression showed that there were differences between LN group and non-LN group in irregular fever, edema of both lower limbs, decrease of erythrocytopenia, positive anti-ds-DNA antibody, increase of IgG and increase of IgM. Conclusion: Irregular fever, edema of both lower limbs, hypocytopenia, positive anti-ds-DNA antibody, elevated IgG and elevated IgM are independent risk factors for patients with LN.