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调查大学生对乙肝宣传教育活动的行为、态度及相关活动效果
An Investigation on the Behavior and Attitude of College Students to Hepatitis B Propaganda and Education Activities and the Effect of Relevant Education Activities

DOI: 10.12677/NS.2021.105085, PP. 517-526

Keywords: 乙肝，大学生，健康教育，知晓率，行为，态度
Hepatitis B, College Students, Health Education, Awareness, Behavior, Attitude

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Abstract:

目的：通过调查高校乙肝相关健康教育活动的开展、参与情况和此类活动对大学生的宣教效果，同时结合学生们对乙肝相关知识的了解情况及其对相关宣教方式的态度，探讨在大学生群体中响应度较高且效率较高的活动方式，激发学生的参与积极性并提高健康教育的效果，以促进高校乙肝相关宣教活动的积极开展，助力于提升大学生对此类传染病的防范意识。方法：采用自制的调查问卷，利用各类社交平台向西南地区部分本科院校的大学生随机发放1177份调查问卷，随后对回收到的有效问卷进行统计学分析。结果：受调查者乙肝基本知识的总知晓率为33.0%，不同专业学生对乙肝的知晓情况差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；高校乙肝相关宣传教育的开展情况及学生参与此类活动是否主动对学生的乙肝知识的知晓情况有影响，参与过此类活动的学生的乙肝知晓率高于未参与者，差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；在明确所在院校于就读期间开展过乙肝宣教活动的受调查者中约81.7%的学生参与过此类活动，其中约41.0%的学生参与该活动带有一定加分意向，且主动参与的学生中乙肝知晓合格者约占39.9%，学生对乙肝的知晓程度与其补种乙肝疫苗的行为有关，且差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)；在大学生对高校乙肝宣传教育活动开展的态度和建议中，82.4%的学生认为高校应予以重视，同时丰富宣传形式，其中开展相关知识竞赛的响应度最高。结论：西南地区部分高校对乙肝相关知识的知晓率偏低，高校乙肝健康教育的力度及形式对大学生的乙肝知晓程度有较大影响。对于在校期间参与过乙肝宣教活动的受调查大学生，尽管其对乙肝了解情况优于未参与者，但整体仍处于较低水平，提示部分高校在乙肝宣教还存在不可忽视的问题。对此，基于对明确开展过此类活动的受调查者的态度，作者认为宣教效果或与活动形式引起的学生参与积极性相关。因此结合响应度较高的宣教活动形式更利于乙肝教育的推进，提升活动效果。
Objective: By investigating the development of the hepatitis B related health education activities in college and universities, and these activities of college students education effect, at the same time by combining the students understanding of hepatitis B related knowledge and attitude to related education mode, in response to the group of college students is higher and higher efficiency of activities, stimulate students’ participation and improve the effect of health education, in order to promote the active development of hepatitis B-related propaganda and education activities in colleges and universities, and help to enhance the awareness of prevention of such infectious diseases among college students. Methods: Using self-made questionnaires, 1177 questionnaires were randomly distributed to undergraduates from some colleges and universities in southwest China through various social platforms, and then the collected valid questionnaires were statistically analyzed. Results: The total awareness rate of basic knowledge of hepatitis B was 33.0%, and there was a statistically significant difference in awareness of hepatitis B among students of different majors (P < 0.05). The implementation of hepatitis B-related publicity and education in colleges and universities and whether students actively participated in such activities had an impact on students’ awareness of hepatitis B. The awareness rate of students who

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