To explore the differences of male semen parameters in different seasons
of the year, so as to explore the potential climatic factors affecting
spermatogenesis and male reproductive ability, we retrospectively analyzed 21,715 semen analysis
data from January 2018 to February 2021, grouped by year and season, and
finally the relationships among semen parameters and semen and meteorological
parameters were compared. Environmental exposures prior to 3 months were
analyzed and correlation analysis was performed.The semen concentration
decreased year by year (p < 0.01). However, the Progressive motility (PR)
and total PR number had been increased (p < 0.01). There were statistical
differences in sperm parameters which include semen volume, sperm concentration,
total sperm number, progressive motility (PR), total PR number and total
motility in different seasons, winter and spring were better than summer and
autumn (p < 0.01). Total sperm number and sperm concentration were
positively correlated with PR (R = 0.420, R = 0.440, p < 0.01). There was no
correlation between daylight duration and semen parameters. Sperm parameters
were positively or negatively correlated with environmental temperature, air
pressure or humidity which had an overall effect on semen quality. It is
suggested that seasonal factors should be considered when evaluating male
reproductive ability. Besides referring to conventional semen parameters, other
factors such as season and climate should also be considered.
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