不同速度下的重载车辆运行安全性分析
Analysis on Running Safety of Heavy-Haul Vehicle with Different Speed

建立重载货车–轨道耦合动力学模型，计算重载货车在小半径曲线以不同速度通过时的安全性指标，分析重载铁路不同速度运行时的列车安全性。结果表明：以50 km/h速度条件下仿真的最大垂向力、最大横向力分别为180 kN、40 kN，最大脱轨系数及最大减载率分别为0.29、0.38，皆小于规范限值规定，且保留一定的安全储备；速度提高时，轮轨垂向力变化不大，轮轨横向力、脱轨系数、减载率均随速度增大而增大，且外轨增幅大于内轨增幅；对比现场试验结果，仿真结果略大于现场试验结果，但二者均在安全限值之内，仿真结果偏安全。
A dynamic model coupled with heavy-haul freight car and track was established to calculate the operation safety index of the heavy-haul freight car passing through sharp radius curve with dif-ferent speed. And the operation safety of the train was analyzed. The results show that the maximum vertical force and lateral force were 180 kN and 40 kN respectively at the train speed of 50 km/h. The maximum derailment coefficient and the maximum load shedding rate are 0.29 and 0.38 respectively, which are all less than the standard limit value, and certain safety reserve is reserved; when the speed increases, the wheel rail vertical force changes little, and the wheel rail lateral force, derailment coefficient and load shedding rate increase with the increase of speed, and the increase of the outer rail is greater than the increase of the inner rail; compared with the field test results, the simulation results are slightly larger than the field test results, but both of them are within the safety limit, and the simulation results are relatively safe.