我国主要野生沙棘果实的含油率对比分析
Study on Oil Contents of Fruits of Main Wild Seabuckthorn Resources in China

为了评定我国沙棘属植物主要种(亚种)果实的含油率水平，对采自西藏、新疆、青海、甘肃等地野生的中国沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides. ssp. sinensis)、柳叶沙棘(H. salicifolia)、云南沙棘(H. r. ssp. yunnanensis)、蒙古沙棘(H. r. ssp. mongolica)、中亚沙棘(H. r. ssp. turkestanica)、江孜沙棘(H. gyantsensis)、肋果沙棘(H. neurocarpa)、西藏沙棘(H. tibetana)共8个种(亚种)，取果实样品25个，用索氏抽提法测定了果肉、籽和全果的3个干基含油率指标，发现西藏沙棘的干果肉、干全果含油率最高，分别达38.45%、30.18%；蒙古沙棘的干籽含油率最高，达14.31%；而柳叶沙棘的干果肉、干全果含油率最低，仅分别为6.69%、7.41%。考虑到目前我国人工种植沙棘情况，建议在东北地区主推蒙古沙棘，新疆主推蒙古沙棘和中亚沙棘，黄土高原和冀北、辽西地区主推中国沙棘，西藏主推中亚沙棘和江孜沙棘，用于建立油用沙棘工业原料林，重点开发沙棘各类保健产品，同时适度发挥其生态功能，以推动沙棘种植地区经济社会的高质量发展步伐。
The fruits of 25 samples from 8 species and sub-species, namely, Hippophae rhamnoides. ssp. sinensis, H. salicifolia, H. r. ssp. yunnanensis, H. r. ssp. mongolica, H. r. ssp. turkestanica, H. gyantsensis, H. Neurocarpa, H. tibetana, were collected from wild resources locations in Tibet, Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, to analyze the oil contents of them with the soxhlet extractor method, which showed that the oil contents of dried pulp and dried fruits of H. tibetana were the highest among all the samples (38.45% and 30.18% respectively), and the oil content of dried seeds of H. r. ssp. mongolica was the highest (14.31%), whereas the oil contents of dried pulp and dried fruits of H. salicifolia were the least (6.69% and 7.41% respectively). In consideration of the artificial afforestation of Genus Hippophae in China, the suggestions of fruit oil resources forests should be established from H. r. ssp. mongolica in the Northeastern China, H. r. ssp. mongolica and H. r. ssp. turkestanica in Xinjiang, Hippophae rhamnoides. ssp. sinensis in the Loess Plateau, Northern Hebei, and Western Liaoning, and H. r. ssp. turkestanica and H. gyantsensis in the Tibet, to get more fruits for making functional products as well as the eco-construction aim, to adjust the pace of quality development of economy society in the seabuckthorn planting areas.