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分形树状微通道散热性能的数值研究
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Abstract:
仿生分形树状微通道具有速度分布均匀、传热效率高等特点，目前得到广泛的研究。本文在定横截面积和定水力直径的条件下，根据单条微通道进口截面的不同高宽比(0.333、1、2、4)，各构建出4种分形树状微通道，数值研究了不同Re下微通道的传热、流动以及综合性能。研究发现，微通道的Nu和压降ΔP均随着高宽比的增加而增大。但微通道的最高温度Tmax反而随Nu的增加而增加。其中DJM-0.333和DSL-0.333的Tmax最小，具有更好的散热性能。对综合性能进行分析后，发现不同微通道的COP均随Re的增加而减小，DJM-0.333具有最高的COP，而DJM-4 (DSL-4)的COP最小，且前者比后者平均高37%。进一步得出DJM-0.333具有最佳的散热性能。
Biomimetic fractal tree microchannel has been widely studied because of its uniform velocity dis-tribution and high heat transfer efficiency. Under the condition of constant cross-sectional area and hydraulic diameter, four kinds of fractal tree microchannels were constructed according to the dif-ferent aspect ratios (0.333, 1, 2 and 4) of the entrance section of a single microchannel. The heat transfer, flow and comprehensive performance of the microchannel with different Re were numeri-cally studied. The results showed that the Nu and pressure drop ΔP of the microchannel increased with the increment of aspect ratio. However, the maximum temperature Tmax of the microchannel increased with the increase of Nu. Among them, DJM-0.333 and DSL-0.333 had the smallest Tmax and better heat dissipation performance. After analyzing the comprehensive performance, it was found that the COP of different microchannels all decreased with the increase of Re, DJM-0.333 had the highest COP, while DJM-4 (DSL-4) had the lowest COP, and the former is 37% higher than the latter on average. It was further concluded that DJM-0.333 had the best heat dissipation performance.
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