营养不良是恶性肿瘤患者多发的并发症之一，严重时危及患者的生命安全。肿瘤患者的免疫功能降低，感染风险因素增加，如果合并营养不良的话，可能导致患者对放、化疗的不敏感，严重时可影响患者的临床治疗结局。因此，及时、尽早、全面地行营养风险筛查，尽早接受系统化、个体化的营养干预，可以使肿瘤患者顺利接受治疗。本文通过查阅文献的方式，从肿瘤患者的营养风险相关因素、营养风险筛查及评估的主要工具方面探讨营养风险筛查在恶性肿瘤患者中的应用进展，为临床更好地改善肿瘤患者的临床营养状况、提高其生活质量提供参考。
Malnutrition is one of the common
complications in patients with malignant tumor, which may endanger the life
safety of patients. The immune function of tumor patients is reduced, and the
risk factors of infection are increased. If combined with malnutrition, it may
lead to the insensitivity of patients to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and
seriously affect the clinical treatment outcome of patients. Therefore, timely,
early and comprehensive nutritional risk screening and systematic and
individualized nutritional intervention can make cancer patients receive
treatment smoothly. Through literature review, this paper discusses the
application progress of nutritional risk screening in cancer patients from the
aspects of nutritional risk related factors, nutritional risk screening and
assessment tools, so as to provide reference for improving the clinical
nutritional status and quality of life of cancer patients.
