本文利用贵州省黔南州2006~2019年自动站资料、雷达资料，统计分析了黔南州短时强降水发生的时间特征和雷达回波特征，同时探讨了黔南州短时强降水天气的雷达监测预警指标。结果表明：1) 近14年来短时强降水次数总体呈增加趋势，黔南州短时强降水次数主要集中于每年的4~9月，占全年短时强降水次数总数的99.81%；2) 黔南州短时强降水天气出现频率最高的季节为夏季，黔南州短时强降水大多数出现在夜间；3) 黔南州短时强降水的雷达回波可大致分为移入型、合并加强型和本地发展型三种；4) 黔南州短时强降水发生时回波强度40~45 dBz，回波顶高9~14 km，垂直液态水含量20 kg？m？2左右，强降水开始前，在垂直风廓线垂直方向上低层有向西南风的转换，同时伴随风速增大。
Based on the automatic weather station data and radar data from 2006 to 2019 in Qiannan Prefecture of Guizhou Province, this paper analyzes the time characteristics of short-term heavy precipitation in Qiannan Prefecture and discusses the monitoring radar warning index of short-term heavy precipitation in Qiannan Prefecture on the basis of radar characteristics during heavy precipitation weather process. The results show that: 1) In recent 14 years, the frequency of short-term heavy precipitation is increasing. The frequency of short-term heavy precipitation in Qiannan Prefecture is mainly concentrated in April to September, accounting for 99.81% of the total number of short-term heavy precipitation in the whole year; 2) The most frequent season of short-term heavy precipitation in Qiannan Prefecture is summer, and most of the short-term heavy precipitation occurs at night; 3) The radar echo of short-term heavy rainfall in Qiannan Prefecture can be roughly divided into three types: moving in type, merging and strengthening type and local development type; 4) When the short-term heavy rainfall occurs in Qiannan Prefecture, the echo intensity is 40~45 dBz, the echo top height is 9~14 km, and the vertical liquid water content is about 20 kg？m？2. One hour before the beginning of heavy rainfall, there is a transition from low in the vertical direction of the vertical wind profile to the southwest wind, accompanied by the increase of wind speed.
