三维激光扫描技术在复杂曲面中的应用
Application of 3D Laser Scanning Technique in Complex Surface

传统测绘手段在面对大型复杂曲面的工程应用中会面临数据采集困难、工作量大，继而影响到成果精度及后续模型建立等一系列问题，本文以三维激光扫描在山体岩壁的辅助设计和摩崖石刻的材料用量统计两个实际项目为例进行介绍，前者将点云形成的山体现状三维模型转换为等高线来确定电梯与山体任意位置的三维空间关系，同时通过三维模型进行后续的设计、计算及模拟工作，为后续在该复杂地形环境下的设计分析提供可靠依据。后者则通过三维激光扫描高精度的特点，通过现场精度切换和后处理中的面片调试来还原栩栩如生的石刻模型，合理的进行累加和扣除部分的分类，最终准确统计其用料面积，取得传统测绘手段无法达到的测绘效果，为类似的工程项目提供参考借鉴。
In the face of large-scale and complex surface engineering applications, traditional surveying and mapping methods will face difficulties in data collection、heavy workload，and then a series of problems affecting the accuracy of the results and the establishment of subsequent models. This paper introduces two practical projects: the auxiliary design of 3D laser scanning in the mountain wall and the material consumption statistics of cliff carving for example. The former converts the 3D model of the status quo of the mountain formed by point cloud into contour line to determine the 3D spatial relationship between the elevator and any location of the mountain, at the same time, the 3D model is used to carry out subsequent design, calculation and simulation, providing a reliable basis for the subsequent design and analysis under the complex terrain environment. The latter based on the high precision characteristics of 3D laser scanning restores the lifelike stone carving model through on-site precision switching and surface debugging in post-processing, reasonably classifies the accumulated and deducted parts, gets the final accurate statistics of the material area, and gets the surveying and mapping effect that the traditional surveying and mapping means cannot achieve to provide a reference for similar engineering projects.