基于数理统计的煤矿区地下水化学特征及来源解析
Chemical Characteristics and Source Analysis of Groundwater in Coal Mining Area Based on Mathematical Statistics

通过对松散层第四含水层、煤系砂岩含水层和太原组灰岩含水层水化学组成的分析，探讨了钱营孜煤矿地下水水岩相互作用与控制因素。结果表明，三个含水层的水化学类型不同，四含、煤系和太灰的主要水化学成分分别为Na-SO₄-HCO₃、Na-HCO₃和Na-SO₄型。主成分分析表明：地下水水化学组成受易溶矿物的溶解和硅酸盐矿物的风化控制，这一观点在离子相关性与聚类分析中得到了证实。Unmix模型分析表明煤系水水化学组成与硅酸盐矿物的风化、氯盐矿物的溶解有关，而四含与太灰水水化学组成与硫酸盐矿物的溶解有关。
Hydrochemical composition and control factors were studied based on the analysis of 30 water samples in three aquifers (the fourth aquifer of loose layer, coal-bearing and limestone aquifer) to explore the water rock interaction and controlling factors in coal mine. The results showed that the hydrochemical types of the three aquifers are different; the main hydrochemical compositions of the fourth aquifer, coal-bearing aquifer, and limestone aquifer are Na-SO₄-HCO₃, Na-HCO₃, and Na-SO₄, respectively. The results of ion ratio, principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that the hydrochemical composition of groundwater is controlled by the dissolution of soluble minerals and the weathering of silicate minerals, and the results of EPA Unmixmodel analysis also show that the chemical composition of coal-bearing aquifer water was mainly related to the weathering of silicate minerals and the dissolution of chloride minerals, while the chemical composition of fourth and limestone aquifer was mainly related to the dissolution of sulfate minerals.