驾驶人气质特征与驾驶技能关系研究
Research on the Relationship between Drivers’ Temperament Characteristics and Driving Skills

为探究驾驶人气质特征和驾驶技能的关系，分析气质特征对驾驶表现及风险驾驶的影响，本研究使用陈会昌气质量表和驾驶技能量表(DSI)进行问卷调查，获取了100个有效样本。利用调查样本对驾驶人气质特征进行显著性检验，在此基础上对气质特征与驾驶技能进行相关性分析，探讨两者的内在关系。分析结果表明：抑郁质特征对驾驶事故及违规处罚发生表现出显著影响；胆汁质特征与安全技能和情绪控制技能显著相关，且均呈负相关关系；抑郁质特征与驾驶技能显著相关，也呈负相关关系。研究结果对提升驾驶员交通安全意识，降低行车事故发生率，保障驾驶员、车辆及环境安全，具有一定的现实意义。
To explore the relationship between driver’s driving skills and temperament characteristics, analyze the influence of individual characteristics on risky driving behaviors, a random investigation was conducted using the Driving Skill Inventory (DSI) and Chen Huichang’s temperament scale, and 100 valid samples were obtained. We conducted a significant test on drivers' temperament characteristics using survey samples. Then we analyzed the correlation between temperament characteristics and driving skills, explored the internal relationship between them. It was found that there was a significant difference in melancholic temperament among driving accidents and violation penalties. The analysis results show that choleric temperament has a direct effect on safety skills and emotional control skills, melancholic temperament has a direct effect on driving skills. Both the impacts are negative. The research results have practical significance to enhance the safety awareness of drivers, reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, and ensure the safety of drivers, vehicles, as well as the driving environment.