基于电力电缆X射线图像的降噪研究
Noise Reduction Studies Based on X-Ray Images of Power Cables

X射线成像过程中会因为图像采集、信号转换、信号传输等原因引入噪声，影响图像质量。为了比较几种常见降噪方法消除噪声的效果，使用平均值降噪、均值滤波、中值滤波和频域滤波几种方法分别对添加高斯噪声、椒盐噪声的电力电缆图像进行降噪，计算各种降噪方法的峰值信噪比并对结果做出比较及简要分析。仅对比信噪比，平均值降噪法对高斯和椒盐噪声均有非常好的降噪效果，有着极高的信噪比，均值滤波和频域高斯低通滤波使图像边缘信息损失，中值滤波对椒盐噪声的降噪效果显著。
During X-ray imaging, noise is introduced because of image acquisition, signal conversion, signal transmission, etc., which affects image quality. In order to compare the effect of several common noise reduction methods to eliminate noise, the power cable images that add Gaussian noise and pepper-salt noise are reduced by means of mean noise reduction, mean filtering, median filtering and frequency domain filtering, respectively, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio of various noise reduction methods is calculated, and the results are compared and briefly analyzed. Comparing only the signal-to-noise ratio, the mean noise reduction method has very good noise reduction effect on Gaussian and pepper-salt noise, has a very high signal-to-noise ratio; mean filtering and frequency domain Gaussian low-pass filtering make the image edge information loss, and the median filter has a significant noise reduction effect on pepper and salt noise.