海洋污损生物在钢材料腐蚀过程中的作用研究
Study on the Role of Marine Fouling Organisms in the Corrosion Process of Steel Materials

DOI: 10.12677/BP.2021.112002, PP. 9-18

Keywords: 钢材料，腐蚀，附着藻类，微生物，微囊藻
Steel Material, Corrosion, Attached Algae, Micro-organism, Microcystis

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Abstract:

以浸泡在海水中的钢材料为研究对象，研究钢板发生腐蚀过程中附着生物过程的变化，在实验周期内，理化指标、附着藻类、附着浮游动物和附着微生物进行了监测。实验结果表明：1) 海水对钢材料表面确实存在腐蚀现象，腐蚀区域集中在声程值4~12 mm之间。2) 早期的生物附着是随机的，运动能力强的附着机会更大。3) 有着良好固着能力的藻类和原生动物随后附着并成为优势。4) 浸泡1个月后，材料表面附着微生物OTU数为377到577，拟杆菌门和α-变形菌占比最高。发现加速腐蚀的细菌3种，与修复过程有关的细菌4种。本研究表明，多种生物参与了钢材料的腐蚀过程、生物的运动能力和固着能力是腐蚀过程中不容忽视的要素。
Objectives: Taking steel immersed in seawater as the research object, the change of biological process during the corrosion process of steel plate was studied. Methods: During the experimental period, the physical and chemical indexes, attached algae, attached zooplankton and attached microorganisms were monitored. Results: The experimental results show that: 1) There is corrosion on the steel surface by seawater, and the corrosion area is concentrated in the range of 4~12 mm. 2) The early biological attachment is random, and the attachment with strong movement ability is more likely. 3) Algae and protozoa with good fixation ability subsequently attached and became dominant. 4) After soaking for 1 month, the number of OTU on the surface of the materials ranged from 377 to 577, with Bacteroides and α-Proteus accounting for the highest proportion. It was found that 3 kinds of bacteria accelerated corrosion and 4 kinds of bacteria related to the repair process. Conclusions: This study shows that a variety of organisms participate in the corrosion process of steel materials, and the movement ability and fixation ability of organisms are important factors in the corrosion process.

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