杜鹃杂交种子无菌萌发与组培快繁研究
Study on Aseptic Germination and Tissue Culture Rapid Propagation of Hybrid Seeds of Rhododendron

本研究以比利时杜鹃“西玛”(母本)与滇南杜鹃(父本)的杂交种子为试验材料，筛选种子无菌萌发与组培快繁的最佳方案，建立杜鹃杂交后代的组培快繁体系。结果表明：杂交种子无菌萌发最佳的杀菌方式是2.0% NaClO处理20 min，其污染率为0，萌发率为49.00%；种子萌发的最佳基础培养基为1/4 WPM培养基，萌发率为44.25%；增殖培养基最佳配方为：1/4 WPM + 30 g/L蔗糖 + 9 g/L琼脂 + 1.0 mg/L ZT + 0.5 mg/L NAA，诱导率为100.00%，增殖系数3.25；比较生根培养基最佳配方为：1/4 WPM + 30 g/L蔗糖 + 9 g/L琼脂 + 0.5 mg/LIBA + 1.0 g/L碳粉，生根率为66.67%，单株根数为4.80，平均根长为2.68 cm，生根速度快；生根小苗炼苗移栽后成活率达96.10%。
In this study, the hybrid seeds of Rhododendron hybrida “Sima” (female parent) and Rhododendron hancockii (male parent) were used as experimental materials to select the optimal scheme of aseptic germination of seeds and tissue culture rapid propagation, so as to establish a tissue culture and rapid propagation system for the hybrid offspring of Rhododendron. The results showed that the best germicidal method was 2.0% NaClO treatment for 20 min, the contamination rate was 0, and the seed germination rate was 49.00%. The optimal basal medium for seed germination was 1/4 WPM medium, and the germination rate was 44.25%. The optimal formulation of proliferation medium was as follows: 1/4 WPM + 30 g/L sucrose + 9 g/L AGAR + 1.0 mg/L ZT + 0.5 mg/L NAA, the induction rate was 100.00%, the multiplication coefficient was 3.25; the optimal rooting medium was 1/4 WPM + 30 g/L sucrose + 9 g/L AGAR + 0.5 mg/LIBA + 1.0 g/L toner. The rooting rate was 66.67%, the number of roots per plant was 4.80, the average root length was 2.68 cm, and the rooting speed was fast. The survival rate of the rooting seedlings was 96.10% after acclimatization and transplantation.