Background: Recently, among child disability disorders nervous system diseases are prevailing
19.5%, while mental disorders are 14.3% and congenital malformations 21%. In most
cases, children’s neurological disability is associated with pathology during the
perinatal period, while 24% of patients have a cerebral impairment. Premature newborns
perished 30 to 35 times more often than in-time newborns, and perinatal mortality
in case of premature pregnancies is 30 to 40 times higher than in term delivery. Aim: This article is studying catamnestic observation of premature newborns
with nervous system injury and with perinatal
pathology in Kyrgyzstan for the period 2020-2021. Preterm newborns’ anthropometric
characteristics and main diagnoses associated with diseases in the gestational period
were shown. Methods: A comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination
including premature newborns health dynamic monitoring with gestational age from
28 to 36 weeks, who were treated in the neonatal pathology department of the Regional
Maternity Hospital in Osh for the period from 2020-2021 were carried out. Literature
review analysis from PubMed database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Direct, Google Scholar,
and clinical trials performed. Results: after clinical examination, it was
revealed that pregnancy and childbirth in all mothers of the studied group passed
with complications.In mothers of the studying group, the most common pathologies
during pregnancy were chronic fetal hypoxia 49 (58.4%), acute respiratory infections
28 (33.4%), the threat of termination of pregnancy 20 (23.9%), preeclampsia 16 (19.11%),
sexually transmitted infections 9 (10.8%), pyelonephritis 14 (16.7%), polyhydramnios
9 (10.8%), 71 children (84.6%) were born with asphyxiation and 25 children extracted
by cesarean section with varying degrees of severity. Conclusions: Depending
on the severity of the perinatal lesion of the nervous system and pathological factor
effects, it is very important to
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