The design of optical instruments is an active subject due to improvement
in lens techniques, fabrication technology, and data handling capacity. Much
remains to do to expand its application to phytopathology, which would be in
particular quite useful to improve crop growth monitoring in countries like
Mali. An optical multimodal system for plant samples has been developed to
improve the characterization of leaf disease symptoms, provide information on
their effects, and avoid their spread. Potentially inexpensive components
(laser, lens, turntables camera and sample, filter, lens, camera and computer)
have been selected, assembled and aligned on an optical table into a multimodal
system operating in transmission, reflection, diffusion and fluorescence. The illumination
and observation angles can be adjusted to optimize viewing conditions in the
four modes. This scientific contribution has been an initiation into the design
and implementation of an optical instrument. Initial results are shown and will
now be extended in cooperation with agronomic laboratories in African countries
for tests on specific plant diseases in relation with prevailing climate
conditions.
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