Rice is the most staple cereal
crop of Bangladesh and rice blast caused byMagnaporthe oryzae oryzae (MoO)
has become a major factor limiting rice yield in Bangladesh and throughout the
world. Eight botanicals extracted both in water and ethanol namely Kalijira (Nigella sativa), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinalis), Garlic (Allium sativum), Onion (Allium cepa),Neem (Azadirachta indica), Allamanda (Allamanda cathartica) and Aloevera (Aloe vera)
were tested against MoO in vitro in
the Mycology Laboratory, Department of Plant
Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. All
the botanicals significantly reduced radial growth of the tested pathogen.
Maximum mycelia growth inhibition of MoO was achieved with water extract of turmeric (1:1 w/v) and ethanol extracts of neem
(1:4 w/v) with 86.57% and 92.62% mycelia growth inhibition at 14 DAI,
respectively.
References
[1]
Tobias, A., Molina, I., Valera, H.G., Mottaleb, K.A. and Mohanty, S. (2012) Handbook on Rice Policy for Asia. International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos.
[2]
Timothy, S.T., Khandaker, M., Catherine, C., Anwarul, H., Nazria, I., Saad, Q. and Yan, S. (2013) Agriculture and Adaptation in Bangladesh: Current and Projected Impacts of Climate Change. IFPRI (International Food Policy Research Institute) Discussion Paper 01281. 76.
[3]
Marchetti, M.A., Rush, M.C. and Hunter, W.E. (1976) Current Status of Rice Blast in Southern United State. Plant Disease Reporter, 60, 721-725.
[4]
Mekwatanakarn, P., Kositratana, W., Phromraksa, T. and Zeigler, R.S. (1999) Sexually Fertile Magnaporthe grisea Rice Pathogens in Thailand. Plant Diseases, 83, 939-943. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.10.939
Couch, B.C. and Kohn, L.M. (2002) A Multilocus Gene Genealogy Concordant with Host Preference Indicates Segregation of a New Species, Magnaporthe oryzae from Magnaporthe grisea. Mycologia, 94, 683-693.
https://doi.org/10.1080/15572536.2003.11833196
[7]
Dean, R., Kan, J.A.L.V., Pretorius, Z.A., Kosack, K.E.H., Pietro, A.D., Spanu, P.D., Rudd, J.J., Dickman, M., Kahmann, R., Ellis, J. and Foster, G.D. (2012) The Top 10 Fungal Pathogens in Molecular Plant Pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology, 13, 414-430. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00783.x
[8]
Khan, M.A.I., Ali, M.A., Monsur, M.A., Tanaka, A.K., Hayashi, N., Yanagihara, S., Obara, M., Mia, M.A.T., Latif, M.A. and Fukuta, Y. (2016) Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Bangladesh. Plant Diseases, 100, 2025-2033. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-15-1486-RE
[9]
Kihoro, J., Njoroge, J.B., Murage, H., Ateka, E, and Makihara, D. (2013) Investigating the Impact of Rice Blast Disease on the Livelihood of the Local Farmers in Greater Mwea Region of Kenya. SpringerPlus, 2, 308.
https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-308
[10]
Rayhanul, M.I., Aminuzzaman, F.M., Chowdhury, M.S.M., Laila, L. and Ahmed, M. (2019) Survey on Rice Blast in Some Selected Area of Bangladesh and in Vitro Evaluation of Fungicides against Pyricularia oryzae. Bangladesh Journal of Plant Pathology, 35, 59-64.
[11]
Jeyanandarajah, P. and Seveviratne, S.N. de S. (1991) Fungi Seed-Borne in Rice (Oryza sativa) in Sri Lanka. Seed Science and Technology, 19, 561-569.
[12]
Harmon, P.F. and Latin, R. (2001) Perennation of Magnaporthe grisea in the Midwest: Disease Management Implications. Phytopathology, 91, S148.
[13]
Valent, B. and Chumley, F.G. (1991) Molecular Genetic Analysis of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe grisea. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 29, 443-467.
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.py.29.090191.002303
[14]
Lamey, H.A. (1970) Pyricularia oryzae on Rice Seed in the United States. Plant Disease Reporter, 54, 931-935.
[15]
Kingsolver, C.H., Barksdale, T.H. and Marchetti, M.A. (1984) Rice Blast Epidemiology. Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station, 853, 29.
[16]
Agarwal, P.C., Mortensen, C.N. and Mathur, S.B. (1989) Seed-Borne Diseases and Seed Health Testing of Rice. Technical Bulletin No. 3, Phytopathological Papers No. 30. CAB International Mycological Institute, Kew, UK.
[17]
Cloud, G.L. and Lee, F.N. (1993) Rice Blast: Factors Influencing Severity and Control Strategies Used to Manage the Disease. Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service, Misc Publ. 341.
[18]
Lee, F.N. (1994) Rice Breeding Programs, Blast Epidemics and Blast Management in the United States. In: Zeigler, R.S. and Leong, S.A., Eds., Rice Blast Disease, CAB International, Wallingford.
[19]
Manandhar, H.K., Jorgensen, H.J.L., Mathur, S.B. and Smedegaard-Petersen, V. (1998) Seed Borne Infection of Rice by Pyricularia oryzae and Its Transmission to Seedlings. Plant Disease, 82, 1094-1099.
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.1998.82.10.1093
[20]
Anwar, A., Bhat, G.N. and Singhara, G.S. (2002) Management of Sheath Blight and Blast in Rice through Seed Treatment. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 10, 285-287.
[21]
Gohel, N.M., Chauhan, H.L. and Mehta, A.N. (2008) Bio-Efficacy of Fungicides against Pyricularia oryzae the Incitant of Rice Blast. Journal of Plant Disease Sciences, 3, 189-192.
[22]
Iftikhar, T., Babar, L.K., Zahoor, S. and Khan, N.G. (2010) Best Irrigation Management Practices in Cotton. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42, 3023-3028.
[23]
Babar, L.K., Iftikhar, T., Khan, H. and Makhdum, A.H. (2011) Agronomic Trials on Sugarcane Crop under Faisalabad Conditions. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 43, 929-935.
[24]
Slusarenko, A.J., Patel, A. and Portz, D. (2008) Control of Plant Diseases by Natural Products: Allicin from Garlic as a Case Study. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 121, 313-322. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-007-9232-7
[25]
Amadioha, A.C. (2000) Controlling Rice Blast in Vitro and in Vivo with Extracts of Azadirachta indica. Crop Protection, 19, 287-290.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-2194(99)00080-0
[26]
Nene, Y.L. and Thapliyal, P.N. (1979) Fungicides in Plant Disease Control. 2nd Edition, Oxford and IBH Pub. Co., New Delhi.
[27]
Nazifa, Z., Aminuzzaman, F.M., Akhter, K., Rehena, M.K. and Laila, L. (2021) Survey on Rice Blast and Morphological Characterization of Magnaporthe oryzae oryzae. Journal of Advances in Microbiology, 21, 8-21.
https://doi.org/10.9734/jamb/2021/v21i130315
[28]
Moghadamtousi, S.Z., Kadir, H.A., Hassandarvish, P., Tajik, H., Abubakar, S. and Zandi, K. (2014) A Review on Antibacterial, Antiviral, and Antifungal Activity of Curcumin. BioMed Research International, 2014, Article ID: 186864.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/186864
[29]
Kim, M.-K., Choi, G.-J. and Lee, H.-S. (2003) Fungicidal Property of Curcuma longa L. Rhizome-Derived Curcumin against Phytopathogenic Fungi in a Greenhouse. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51, 1578-1581.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jf0210369
[30]
Damalas, C.A. (2011) Potential Uses of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) Products as Alternative Means of Pest Management in Crop Production. Plant Omics Journal, 4, 136-141.
[31]
Sukanya, S.L., Yamini, D. and Fathima, S.K. (2011) Eco-Friendly Management of Pyricularia oryzae—The Causal Agent of Blast of Paddy. Current Botany, 2, 46-49.
[32]
Pandey, S. (2015) Efficacy of Leaf Extracts in Controlling Leaf Blast and Brown Spot in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 6, 5476-5479.
[33]
Sandeep, P. (2018) Effect of Botanicals for Management of Leaf Blast and Enhancing Yield Traits of Rice. Current Botany, 9, 17-21.
https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2018.v9.3548
[34]
Rajappan, K., Ushamalini, C., Subramanian, N., Narasimhan, V. and Kareem, A.A. (2001) Management of Grain Discoloration of Rice with Solvent-Free EC Formulations of Neem and Pungam Oils. Phytoparasitica, 29, 171-174.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02983962
[35]
Sireesha, O. and Venkateswarlu, N. (2013) In Vitro Evaluation of Botanicals and Panchagavya against Leaf Blast Fungus Pyricularia grisea. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 6, 84-86.
[36]
Hubert, J., Mabagala, R.B. and Mamiro, D.P. (2015) Efficacy of Selected Plant Extracts against Pyricularia grisea, Causal Agent of Rice Blast Disease. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 6, 602-611. https://doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2015.65065
