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不同培养基对致病疫霉生长和生殖的影响
Effects of Different Media on Growth and Reproduction of Phytophthora Infestans

DOI: 10.12677/AMB.2021.101007, PP. 52-61

Keywords: 致病疫霉，培养基，生长，生殖
Phytophthora infestans, Culture Medium, Growth, Reproduction

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Abstract:

致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)是马铃薯最具破坏性的病原体。本试验比较了不同培养基对致病疫霉生长、无性生殖、有性生殖的影响。结果显示，在黑麦培养基(RA)、胡萝卜培养基(CA)和放置玻璃纸的黑麦培养基(CP)上，菌株P7723的生长速率大小顺序为CP > CA、RA；菌株HQK8-3的生长速率为RA > CP > CA。不同培养基对卵孢子的形态及发育过程无明显影响，两个菌株在CA上的卵孢子数量最高，为701个/cm2，是RA上的2.48倍，是CP上的70.1倍。卵孢子在CA上的存活率为55%，在RA上为67%，在CP上为48%。不同培养基对孢子囊的形态没有影响。不管是单独培养还是对峙培养，菌株HQK8-3和P7723在胡萝卜培养基上产的孢子囊数量最多，在RA上产得较少，在CP上不产孢子囊。不管是单独培养还是对峙培养，在CP上收集到的菌丝体生物量最多，CA上次之，RA上最少。因此，综合以上指标，胡萝卜培养基更适合在致病疫霉生长及有性、无性生殖研究中被用来收集生物样本，该实验结果为今后深入研究致病疫霉时能够获得足够量符合条件的生物样本奠定了基础。
Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive pathogen of potato. The effects of different media on growth, asexual and sexual reproduction of P. infestans were compared in this study. The results showed that the growth rate of the isolate P7723 on the CP medium was higher than that on the CA and RA medium. The growth rate of the isolate HQK8-3 was the highest on the RA medium, the second on the CP medium, and the lowest on the CA medium. Different media had no significant effects on the morphology and development of oospores. The number of oospores was the highest on the CA medium (701 oospores/cm2), which was 2.48 times that on the RA medium and 70.1 times that on the CP medium. The survival rate of oospores was 55% on the CA medium, 67% on the RA medium, and 48% on the CP medium. Different media had no effects on the morphology of sporangium. The isolate HQK8-3 and P7723 produced the most sporangia on the CA medium, but less on the RA medium, and no sporangia on the CP medium regardless of separate culture or confrontation culture. The biomass of the collected mycelium was the highest on the CP medium, the second on the CA medium, and the lowest on the RA medium regardless of separate culture or confrontation culture. Therefore, considering the above indicators, the CA medium is more suitable for collecting biological samples in the study on the growth and sexual and asexual reproduction of P. infestans. The results of this work laid a foundation for the further study on P. infestans to obtain enough qualified biological samples.

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