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GRE考试对不同研究生专业学业表现的预测效度研究综述
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Abstract:
在国外大多数高校研究生院的新生录取决策中，GRE考试(Graduate Record Examination)是一种被普遍使用的标准化考试。GRE考试是否能准确地预测申请者在未来研究生学业过程中的表现，包括课程成绩、科研能力和学位获取等？该问题一直是学术界、高校、申请者、以及留学考试和申请机构所关心的议题。本文通过汇总已有的研究生专业学业情况与GRE考试成绩的关联性研究，总结出一些初步的结论，如：1) GRE考试在研究生学业能力的预测总体上有一定的效度，但不能也不应作为唯一的录取标准；2) 不同专业之间，GRE考试的预测效度有所差异；3) 除了心理学、医学专业，其它研究生专业的相关研究比较薄弱、有待填补；未来有可能通过优化样本选择等实验设计来获得更准确的结论。
For the decision-making of the admission process in the majority of oversea graduate schools, GRE (Graduate Record Examination) has been a widely employed criterion of standardized test. Is this examination of robust validity in predicting the future performance of candidates’ graduate study, including graduate grades, research abilities and completion of degree, etc.? Such are the central concern of academic community, colleges and universities, applicants, and also institutions involved. This paper reviews extant studies about the correlation between GRE scores and several graduate majors’ performance, and primarily concludes as following: 1) As a whole, GRE scores exhibit modest predictive validities on the performance of graduate study, while the test results cannot (and should not) be considered separately as an exclusive criterion; 2) different graduate majors implicate variances in the predictive validity of GRE scores; 3) except for the cases of psychology and medicine, other graduate majors have been short of related studies. Adjustment of experiment design such as optimization of sampling method may be conducive for more conclusive results in the future.
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