垃圾分类政策宣传中的话语秩序和话语互动——以上海垃圾分类为例
Order of Discourse and Discourse Interaction of Policy Publicity in Garbage Classification—Taking Shanghai Garbage Classification as an Example

出于生态发展的要求和对环境保护的重视，上海市率先实行垃圾分类，并通过立法的方式来推进，垃圾分类进入了强制时代。以批评话语分析为研究视角，选取《上海市生活垃圾全程分类宣传指导手册》和《上海市生活垃圾分类宣传语手册》作为语料，运用费尔克劳(Fairclough)关于话语和社会实践辩证关系的论述和研究方法，从话语秩序和话语互动两个方面，探究话语对垃圾分类这一社会实践的建构作用。研究发现，垃圾分类的社会实践是率先通过官方宣传的话语来建构并推动的，官方话语与民间话语充分表达，良性互动，互动中隐含了权力关系的博弈，但益处论等因素使得垃圾分类这一社会实践得以顺利实施。
Ecological and environmental concerns have prompted Shanghai to take the lead in carrying out garbage classification and the municipal authorities implement it through legislation, so garbage classification practice in Shanghai is compulsory. From the perspective of critical discourse analysis, this paper selects as data Shanghai’s publicity instruction manual and slogan brochure for household garbage classification, and applies Fairclough’s dialectical view of discourse and social practice to investigate, by examining its order of discourse and discourse interaction, the role of discourse in constructing the social practice of garbage classification. It is found that garbage classification is firstly constructed and promoted through official discourse, which interacts with citizen discourse with power relations involved, but the topoi of benefit make garbage classification accepted as social practice.