调查分析不同层次大学生对HIV知晓情况及包容度
Survey and Analysis of HIV Awareness and Tolerance among Different Levels of College Students

DOI: 10.12677/NS.2021.102015, PP. 92-98

Keywords: 大学生，艾滋病，知晓率，包容度
College Students, HIV/AIDS, Awareness Rate, Tolerance
College Students, HIV/AIDS, Awareness Rate, Tolerance

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

目的：调查重点大学，普通本科院校和职业院校三种不同层次学校的大学生对艾滋病的认知情况，为高校开展艾滋病教育提供理论支持。方法：在2020年12月至2021年2月期间利用问卷星APP进行问卷调查，最后回收并分析有效问卷。结果：本研究共发放问卷472份，回收有效问卷418份，有效回收率88.56%，其中重点大学学生127名，普通本科150名，职业院校141名。结果显示重本大学生HIV知识知晓率达87.40%，高于普通本科大学生和职业院校学生(P < 0.05)，且重本大学学生对艾滋病患者的包容程度更高；总体上大学生对HIV相关知识知晓率较高，可仍然存在一定恐惧心理。结论：高校应结合自身情况和大学生心理特点加强艾滋病教育，职业院校应尤其引起重视。
Objective: To investigate the cognition of AIDS among college students in key universities, general universities, and vocational colleges, so as to provide theoretical support for AIDS education in colleges and universities. Methods: From December 2020 to February 2021, the questionnaire survey was conducted by using the Questionnaire Star APP, and the valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed at last. Results: In this study, a total of 472 questionnaires were distributed, 418 of which were valid, with 88.56% of an effective recovery rate. Among them, 127 students are from key universities, 150 students are from ordinary undergraduates and 141 are from vocational colleges. The results showed that the HIV knowledge awareness rate of students from key university is 87.40%, which is higher than that of students from ordinary undergraduate and vocational college (P < 0.05), and even has a higher tolerance to AIDS patients. On the whole, the awareness rate of HIV-related knowledge among college students has improved, but there is still fear. Conclusion: Colleges and universities should strengthen AIDS education in combination with their own conditions and psychological characteristics of college students, and the special attention should be paid to vocational colleges.

References

[1]	国家卫生计生委办公厅. 教育部办公厅关于建立疫情通报制度, 进一步加强学校艾滋病防控工作的通知, 国卫办疾控发〔2015〕40号[Z].
[2]	UNAIDS Data 2018. http://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2018/unaids-data-2018
[3]	Li, G., Jiang, Y. and Zhang, L. (2019) HIV Upsurge in China’s Students. Science, 364, 711. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aay0799
[4]	何志雄, 李木兰. 湖南某高校医学生艾滋病防治知识及态度现状统计分析[J]. 中国卫生产业, 2019, 16(30): 177-179.
[5]	伍迎春. 近10年来我国高校预防艾滋病健康教育研究综述[J]. 中国校医, 2018, 32(5): 389-390+393.
[6]	纵冰清. 厦门市某大学学生艾滋病知识、态度、行为调查[J]. 医学与社会, 2019, 32(4): 77-80.
[7]	Sun, X., Fan, L., Chang, C. and Shi, Y. (2020) HIV/AIDS Related Perception and Behavior: A Comparative Study among College Students of Different Majors in China. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 7, S74-S79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnss.2020.07.010
[8]	国务院办公厅关于印发中国遏制与防治艾滋病“十三五”行动计划的通知[J]. 中华人民共和国国务院公报, 2017(6): 102-108.
[9]	刘轶. 天津市高校学生艾滋病防控知信行调查研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 天津: 天津医科大学, 2019.
[10]	刘振红, 武培丽. 北京市某高校大学生性行为及艾滋病相关知识态度的调查分析[J]. 中国健康教育杂志, 2017, 33(10): 946-949.
[11]	Ma, W., Wu, G., Zheng, H., Zhang, W., Peng, Z., Yu, R. and Wang, N. (2016) Prevalence and Risk Factors of HIV and Syphilis, and Knowledge and Risk Behaviors Related to HIV/AIDS among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Chongqing, China. The Journal of Bio-medical Research, 30, 101-111.
[12]	方毅为, 王强, 柯帅, 胡帆, 沈堃宇, 王圣然, 赵聪, 王夏. 武汉市高校新生艾滋病相关知识态度行为调查及教育干预效果评价[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2019, 25(5): 518-519+523.
[13]	王曦影, 张林林. 中国21世纪性教育干预研究系统综述[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(1): 146-152.
[14]	陈云霞, 叶安杰, 李金芳, 戴丽华, 陈世群. 艾滋病防控试点学校大学生防艾相关知识和行为现况调查[J]. 中国校医, 2019, 33(3): 178-183.
[15]	曾祥, 窦倩如, 鲍宇刚, 张艳辉, 谭红专. 方便提供安全套对预防HIV经性传播的效果研究[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2016, 20(12): 1244-1248.
[16]	王怡欣, 马迎华, 张冰, 李恬静, 周佳. 中国部分省市大学生艾滋病知识来源及知晓情况分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2017, 38(5): 657-659+662.
[17]	冉艳, 杜丹丹. 大学生艾滋病健康信息素养的现状调查及影响因素分析[J]. 中国艾滋病性病, 2019, 25(1): 70-73.
[18]	Oppong, A.K. (2013) HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Uptake of HIV Counselling and Testing among Undergraduate Private University Students in Accra, Ghana. Reproductive Health, 10, 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-10-17
[19]	廖姜文, 袁学文. 广州市某高校大学生艾滋病知识知晓情况调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2019, 45(1): 73-76.
[20]	Li, W., Chu, J., Zhu, Z., Li, X., Ge, Y., He, Y., Ni, Q., Musa, T., Li, X. and Wei, P. (2020) Epidemiological Characteristics of HIV Infection among College Students in Nanjing, China: A Cross-Sectional Survey. BMJ Open, 10, e035889. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035889
[21]	Chen, D., Luo, G., Meng, X., Wang, Z., Cao, B., Yuan, T., Xie, Y., Hu, T., Chen, Y., Ke, W., Wang, Z., Sun, C., Deng, K., Cai, Y., Zhang, K. and Zou, H. (2020) Efficacy of HIV In-terventions among Factory Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. BMC Public Health, 20, 1310. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09333-w

Full-Text