会话分析理论下辩论者语用身份架构
The Pragmatic Identity Framework of the Debater from the Perspective of Conversation Analysis

DOI: 10.12677/ML.2021.92046, PP. 331-337

Keywords: 会话分析，辩论者，静态，动态，语用身份
Conversation Analysis, Debater, Static, Dynamic, Pragmatic Identity

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Abstract:

话语冲突普遍存在于人际交往中，相关研究主要关注话语冲突事件，冲突性言语，近年来冲突中的身份界定引起学界关注。辩论话语研究大多强调话语冲突，聚焦冲突话语中的身份。本文从会话分析理论角度分析辩论者语用身份建构，选取2020年中美主持人刘欣和翠西？里根的电视辩论为语料，从话轮过程，次序结构和词汇选择三个维度分析正方刘欣的语用身份建构情况，研究发现，刘欣在会话过程中建构了静态和动态多元语用身份，从辩论前的对立方变异为辩论后的会话交际者，从一位普通的主持人形象变异为国家形象的捍卫者。在互动过程中通过话语构建的语用身份服务于辩论者的行事需求和人际需求，对未来我国开展国际对话，提升国际话语权起到一定的推动作用。
Discourse conflicts generally exist in interpersonal communication. Related research mainly fo-cuses on discourse conflict events and conflicting speech. In recent years, the definition of identity in conflict has attracted the attention of academic circles. Most research on debate discourse emphasizes discourse conflict and focuses on the identity in conflict discourse. This article analyzes the pragmatic identity construction of debaters from the perspective of conversational analysis theory, selecting 2020 TV debate between Chinese host Liu Xin and American host Trish Reagan as corpus. The qualitative analysis method is applied to research on Liu Xin’s pragmatic identity construction from three dimensions of turn-taking process, order structure and vocabulary selection. The study found that Liu Xin constructed static and dynamic multiple pragmatic identities during the conversation. The opposite parties mutated into conversational communicators after the debate. Liu’s identity converted from an ordinary host to a defender of the national image. In the process of interaction, the pragmatic identity constructed through discourse serves the debating needs and interpersonal needs, and will play a certain role in promoting China’s future international dialogues and enhancing international discourse power.

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