刻板印象的无意识启动效应——基于不同分析方法
Unconscious Mechanisms of Stereotype in Subliminal Semantic Activation—Based on Different Analysis Methods

DOI: 10.12677/AP.2021.114102, PP. 895-903

Keywords: 刻板印象启动，阈下语义启动，无意识性，一致不一致模式，回归分析模式
Stereotype Activation, Subliminal Semantic Activation, Unawareness, Congruent and Incongruent Pattern, Regression Analysis Strategy Pattern

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Abstract:

采用阈下语义启动范式，一致不一致回归两种分析模式分别对刻板印象阈下语义启动的无意识性进行了实验分析研究。以男性/女性姓名作为启动刺激，性别刻板特质词、自然景物无关词作为目标刺激，构成了一致、冲突、无关3种“启动–目标”关系类型，用反应时和正确率为指标对刻板印象阈下语义启动现象进行研究。结果发现，回归模式分析正确率指标时，存在刻板印象的阈下启动效应，但并不十分明显；一致不一致模式分析反应时指标时，无关条件下反应时最长，冲突条件次之，一致条件最短。刻板印象的阈下语义启动现象是存在的，在一定程度上具有无意识成分的存在。
By using the paradigm of subliminal semantic activation, this research was designed to study the mechanisms of unconscious processing of stereotype in Subliminal Semantic Activation. The prime word was a male or female name. The target was either a word of gender stereotypic trait or a natural scenery word. Thus 3 types of prime-target relations were established: congruent, Incongruent and non-related (NR). Reaction Time (RT) and Accuracy (ACC) is indicators for the stereotype of subliminal semantic priming phenomena. The results showed: 1) If ACC is an indicator, the SSA of the stereotype existed in this experiment, but not very obvious. It meant that unconsciousness was dissociated from consciousness in this experiment. 2) If RT is an indicator, NR has the longest time; congruent condition has the shorter time and incongruent time between both of them. It meant that SSA of stereotype exists and its process is unconscious of automatic.

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