In the past years, metaphor was mostly confined to literature and rhetoric as a figure of speech while resent metaphor study has a more extended scope. Especially over the past thirty years, cognitive linguists and their theories have brought much impact on the research of the relationship between metaphor and human thoughts: metaphor is a way of conceiving, our ordinary conceptual system, in terms of which we both think and act, is fundamentally metaphorical in nature. A large part of the way we speak in our daily life derives from the way we speak about our body-part terms. This paper collects Hand expressions in English for a purpose of understanding the working mechanism of body metaphors. This is also an elaborating try for the relationships among metaphor, body and language by means of self-examination and data support, all with great hopes to contribute to metaphor research and language acquisition.
References
[1]
Liu, S. (2020) A Review of Body Metaphors from the Cognitive Perspective. Young Literator, 36, 171-172.
[2]
Richards, I.A. (1936) The Philosophy of Rhetoric. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
[3]
Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1980) Metaphors We Live by. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
[4]
Lee, D. (2001) Cognitive Linguistics: An Introduction. Melbourne, Oxford; Oxford University Press, New York.
[5]
Lu, W. (2003) The Metaphorization of Body-Part Terms. Foreign Language Education, 24, 23-28.
[6]
Krennmayr, T. (2015) What Corpus Linguistics Can Tell Us about Metaphor Use in Newspaper Texts? Journalism Studies, 16, 530-546.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1461670X.2014.937155
[7]
Zhang, P. (2004). The Life of Metaphors. Beijing University Press, Beijing.
[8]
Lodge, D. (1972) 20th Century Literary Criticism: A Reader. Routledge, London.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315837130
[9]
Hartwell, P. and Bentley, R.H. (1982) Open to Language: A New College Rhetoric. Oxford University Press, New York.
[10]
Ortony, A. (1993). Metaphor and Thought. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173865
[11]
Williams, T.A. (2010) Task-Based Language Teaching: A Reader. ELT Journal, 64, 351-354. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccq032
[12]
Wang, Y. (2007) Cognitive Linguistics. Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, Shanghai.
[13]
Janssen, T.A.J.M. and Redeker, G. (1999) Cognitive Linguistics, Foundations, Scope, and Methodology. De Gruyter Mouton, Berlin.
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110803464
[14]
Croft, W. and Cruse, D.A. (2004) Cognitive Linguistics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511803864
[15]
Lan, C. (1999) A Cognitive Approach to Spatial Metaphors in Chinese. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 43, 7-15.
