Some Observations About two Un-survived Bastions at Kilitbahir

By the development of artillery technology needs more convenient defensive structures for this situation during the Ottoman period especially under the reign of Sultan Mehmet II. It’s claimed that Ottoman military technology and architecture fall behind the Europe. On contrary Ottomans closely follow the new technologies and fully adopted them and build various defensive structures to defense their reign. Emerging of new type of structures built of stones with loopholes were accepted as transition building forms when fortress with higher ramparts become vulnerable and bastion architecture did not develop fully yet. The first examples of these structures were seen at ？anakkale Strait which has a significant strategic position. A few document obtained from State Archives of the Prime Ministry, Department of Ottoman Archives enlighten us about this structures. It’s consider that two examples this type of bastions which were built by Hac？ Ali Pasha the commander of ？anakkale Strait in a very short time span during the reign of Sultan Selim III. These two structures were accepted as transition building forms from fortress to the bastion which were related to redoubts “Palanka” which were temporary fortifications constructed during siege of frontier provinces of Europe in 17th century. In conclusion it’s obvious that Ottomans used 17th centuries construction techniques and similar materials in different ways during 19th century