Analysis of the Estabishment Period Operations of the Mechanical and Chemical Industry Institution Within the Development History of Defence Industry in Turkey

From the establishment of the Ottoman Empire to the 17th century, in every period, importance was given to war industry activities and structured accordingly. However, the Ottoman Empire, which lagged behind the developments in the world since the 19th century, could not sustain this activity in the last period. In the last years of the State, ''General ？malat-？ Harbiye-i Directorate'' was established in order to recover the war industry field and the studies have been given importance in this field. ''General Military Factories Directorate'' which was established after the proclamation of Republic took over the activity and responsibility of the war industry between the 1923 and 1950 years. After the victory of the National Struggle, the researches was started in order to renew the weapon repair shops which were laid in Ankara and to establish the other factories in the Anatolia and K？r？kkale was determined as the most suitable place for this work. After the armory and carpenter workshops established in 1921 in Ankara, the establishment of military factories in this region has accelerated. The investments which will form the basis for the defence industry have been completed successfully by depending on the implementation of the 1st and 2nd industrial plans in the 1933-1939 period within the framework of the establisment activities of the defence industry, which started at the end of the ten-year period following the establishment of the Republic. In this process, significant developments occurred in the defence industry, especially in the aviation sector. The State of the Republic of Turkey, managed to stay out of the Second World War, has been satisfied with their own resources and any project production and technology transfer could not be realized in the field of defence industry due to economic deficiencies and war conditions. Therefore, many of the military factories whose capital was inadequate came to the point of closure. In this period, it was regarded as necessary that military factories were required to reach the capacity to meet the demands of a modern army and to be reorganized. As a result of this situation, a new restructuring was needed in the field of defence industry. As a result of these needs, Machinery and Chemical Industry Institution was established with the law no. 5591 dated March 15, 1950