The Effect of Removal of Ghost Reflections on Seismic Data in Marine Seismic

Ghost reflections can be seen in every marine seismic data set. In the data processing stage, our aim is removing Ghost reflections along both source (airgun) and receiver (streamer) positions as a result of almost total back reflections of seismic waves from the sea surface with a reflection coefficient of minus one (-1). Also, Ghost reflections are encountered in seismic data set at different frequencies depending on the depth of both source (airgun) and receiever (streamer). Since this situation may affect interpretation of seismic data in a negative way, Ghost reflections should be eliminated from seismic data set. More specifically, in this thesis, seismic data set, which is collected by Turkish Petroleum Company, have been analyzed in all processing stages, also in the same seismic data set, all Ghost reflections were discarded, and migration has been carried out. Furthermore, all the processing steps were done for the same seismic data set without removing Ghost reflections. As a consequence, the seismic data, in which migration processes were performed after removal of Ghost reflections as described above, were compared in all aspects with the one, in which no elimination processes of Ghost reflections were applied. In the light of this comparison, the effects of these undesirable Ghost reflections on both image and interpretation of seismic data set have been investigated