Evaluation of Intelligent Transportation Systems in the Context of Externality: Selected Country Applications

The problem of traffic congestion was first solved by the policemen who attempted to direct traffic by using their hands. It has been a long time since they tried to solve the traffic problems by this way. Both transportation means and problems related to transportation have been differentiated and diversified in the progress of transportation systems. Population and vehicle ownership, short and long distance travel and load-bearing tendencies have increased. Therefore, in the area of transportation, expectations as comfort, security and speed have increased. Transportation infrastructure and information and communication technologies have to be harmonized to improve economic performance, security, mobility and environmental sustainability by increased expectations and necessities. Information and technology are applied to all areas of transportation. Thereby, transportation systems provide to get smart qualities. The actual economic activity caused untested side effects on not only the supplier and costumer but also third parties. If the effects are beneficial, positive externalities occur and if the effects are harmful, negative externalities occur. By means of Intelligent Transportation Systems, many negative externalities such as time loss, death, injury during accidents, financial loss, stress, health problems and air pollution caused by traffic can be prevented by minimizing human mistakes. The aim of the paper was to propose solutions to the problem of traffic congestion by investigating country cases, namely European Union and various other countries (Australia, Singapore, Japan, the United States). The study also discusses the importance of the subject (with respect to human, environment and transportation roots) by putting forward the possible externalities that these applications cause in the cases of intelligent transportation systems and services (causes, applications and their outputs)