Barter Method In F？nanc？ng Of Sh？pp？ng Compan？es’ Operat？ng Costs And Evaluat？ons For Tuzla Reg？on

In addition to the investment costs, especially for coasters, operating costs are also very important in shipping business. There are many cost elements for shipping companies such as deck, machine, cabin, electricity and safety materials, ship chemicals, insurance expenses, personnel related expenses, maintenance-repair and certification. In particular, consumables and stocks such as paint, thinner, motor oil, rope and foodstuffs are important cost items. In shipping business, these stocks and consumables have a 15% share in all costs. Maintenance repairs and routine costs, defects, spare parts of machinery, periodical maintenance, shipyard costs are also significant costs. In particular, it is necessary to carry out the shipyard maintenance for the renewal of the ship's admission of seaworthiness. These maintenance costs, which are carried out at the shipyard for the survey of seaworthiness, account for about 4% of total costs in shipping business. Many of the suppliers and shipyards in the maritime sector in Tuzla shipyard region are either ship owners or partners at the same time. Shipping companies are experiencing liquidity problems during the periods of crisis in the sector due to the fluctuations in freight rates or general economic reasons. As a matter of fact, it can be seen that ship owners are not able to pay their fuel debts in times of crisis and have taken fuel suppliers to their ships as a shareholder for their debts. However, if ship owners/operators make their expenditures by barter exchange instead of cash their resistance especially to the crisis and constriction periods will increase. At this point the barter technique, which enables the goods and services to be bought and sold without cash completely or partially, and which can be applied in the form of multilateral exchanges today, is important. In this study it is aimed to evaluate the possibilities of bartering of the business costs of the coaster shipping companies in Tuzla region. In the study, firstly, shipping companies in Tuzla region and their expense items were examined and barter technique was explained. Then, it was researched which costs of these companies and how could be recovery by barter. Subsequently, proposals have been made for coaster shipping companies’ owners and managers to provide a portion of their purchases and sales from a barter pool system which will be formed in the region, in order to ensure them to get out of the maritime sector crises successfully