Effect of the Environmental Conditions on Agronomic Characters and Biotic Stress Factors in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes

This research was carried out to investigate effect of the environmental condition on yield, quality and leaf disease infection based on location. This experiment was conducted in Trakya region in three locations during 2013-2014 growing year with 25 advanced genotypes in randomized completely blocks design with four replications. Grain yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight, leaf rust, yellow rust, Septoria tritici and powdery mildew and relationship among these characters based on location were investigated. There were difference among genotypes and location for examined characters. The mean yield of the experiment was 723.0 kg/da and the highest yield was determined with 826.3 kg/da in TCI011322-22 line. 15 genotypes were resistance to leaf rust and 13 genotypes to stripe rust. Various level of epidemic occurred in powdery mildew and Septoria tritici across location. Aldane was tolerant to leaf rust and stripe rust under three locations. The determined correlation coefficient was varied based on location. Grain yield was positively correlated with TKW in Edirne, Lüleburgaz and Tekirda？ location. Leaf rust affected grain yield and so yield was negatively correlated with leaf rust in Edirne (r= -0.190), Lüleburgaz (r= -0.293) and Tekirda？ (r= -0.354). Powdery mildew infection was low in Edirne location while level of infection was higher in Tekirda？ location so there was negative relation between yield and powdery mildew (r= -0.311). Stripe rust infection began at booting stage and caused various level of yield loss in susceptible cultivars. So, stripe rust was negatively correlated with grain yield in Edirne (r= -0.219), Lüleburgaz (r= -0.259) and Tekirda？ (r= -0.266) location