The View of Specialization in Ministries

One of the instruments of the administrative process to achieve efficiency is specialization. Organizations have undergone a significant change with the Industrial Revolution; therefore, their scope, management principles, and objectives have differentiated. The transition was complicated by reasons such as adopting new technologies and efforts to accelerate the production process. In order to maximize the benefit from the staff, the principle of division of labor and specialization has been adopted and each employee working in an organization has started to specialize on one of the activities of the organization. In management reviews that started with a scientific management approach, specialization has been regarded as one of the tools that can be used to achieve greater efficiency. Occasionally, the evolution of theories has brought forward the human element and changes have been observed in the means used by organizations to achieve their goals. However, this has not changed the search for more contributions from employees. These ideas which are easier to implement in the private sector have been transferred to the public administration in the 1980s. The notion focusing on the provision of efficiency in the public organizations was developed, and elements such as qualifications and employment criteria of the employees were aligned with this idea. Specialization has developed in both the private and public sectors as a tool for the mentioned objectives. Within the scope of this study, the specialization of Turkish public administration was examined by presenting the quantitative and qualitative status of the ‘expert’ staff in the ministerial organization