Medication Related Osteonecrosis of The Jaw (Mronj): Review

Bisphosphonates are drugs that are increasingly used in osteoporous treatment and that slow down and even stop resorption process in bone. These drugs are also effectively used in treatment of Paget's disease and metabolic bone diseases, hypercalcemia, multiple myeloma and bone diseases associated with metastatic conditions. The most dangerous side effect may be the risk of causing osteonecrosis. This osteonecrosis due to bisphosphonate was first identified in 2002 by Marx and Stern by a group of patients receiving bisphosphonates in the mouth who were aware of the presence of exposed osteonecrotic bone areas that were not healing, not covered with mucosa. This osteonecrosis in the jaw bones due to the use of bisphosphonates has been published in literature as the name of BRONJ, which consists of combining initials of ‘’Bisphosphonate Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw’’. However, researches on this subject have increased, and this type of osteonecrosis isn’t only for bisphosphonate-derived drugs; chemotherapeutic drugs and derivatives such as denosumab, which are RANKL inhibitor, have been shown to be the cause. In 2014, AAOMS updated the term ‘’Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ)’’, which means osteonecrosis in jaw bones due to the drug, due to the need for regulation in naming