RATIONAL HUMAN MODEL IN ECONOMICS AND PSYCHOLOGY

Methodology of the economics had been under the effects of other disciplines but later it has become reserved, and its contact to various disciplines has stayed more limited. One of the key factors for a discipline’s progress is that the gains acquired from other disciplines. Economics should cooperate with not only with all kinds of social sciences, but also with other disciplines such as physics, medicine and psychology. For that reason, scientists should apply the developments in different disciplines to their research areas. In this context, it can be said that the relationship that exists between the mainstream economics and other disciplines are not sufficient enough (Kaymak？？, 2013:174). In order to understand the new economic activities and to develop economic policies related to them, a critical evaluation of what we have is essential. This issue has become important enough to reconsider the basic assumptions of the neoclassical economics. Rational Human (homo economicus) Model becomes one of the most prominent assumptions of the neoclassical economics. The consideration of the economics as in a structure, which is determined by assumptions of the rational behavior, causes to the fact that the effects of irrational factors to human behaviors are ignored (Sarfati, 2001:10). According to Freud, our reasonable and conscious behaviors constitute a small part of all our general behavior. If we do not evaluate human as a whole it is not possible to comprehend them. For this, our unconscious behaviors (not necessarily irrational) should be examined3. The methodology of this study is to highlight weaknesses of the methodology of the mainstream economics and mainly of the rational human assumption. For this purpose we benefit from Institutional Economics, Behavioral Economics, physics and psychology, while we question the rational human assumption