Winter Feeding Principles of Dairy Cows in Kars Province

This research was conducted as a survey study to determine the winter feeding principles of dairy cows in Kars province. For this purpose, face to face survey conducted with dairy cow managers in the city center and the districts of Kars. 10 of the surveys were carried out with the dairy cow managers in Kars province center and the rest were carried out with 45 dairy cow managers in Susuz, Arpa？ay, Akyaka, Selim, Sar？kam？？, Ka？？zman and Digor (five in each district) that are districts of Kars. As a result of this study; it was determined that most common used bulky feeds were straw, dried grass and dried sainfoin, and also the most common used concentrate feeds were barley crumbs and cattle milk feed in the dairy farm in Kars province in the winter season. It was found that all of the businesses were provided with concentrated feed their cattle, and they offered roughage and concentrated feeds by mixed form. The 44% of the dairy cows were fed 2 times and 48% three times a day, and 78% of which watering at 2 times a day. It was found that all the managers were using salt, but no vitaminmineral licking block. It was determined that dairy farming enterprises did not receive support from the technical staff while feeding their animals. The incidence of rare digestive system disorders such as indigestion, diarrhea and tympani was 50% and the incidence of pica was rarely 70% in winter seasons. It was determined that the most important problem with feeding was that the feeds were expensive. As a result; it has been found that dairy farmers in Kars province is feed dairy cows according to their traditional feeding methods, and do not have serious problems with feeding their animals, but it can be expected that especially vitamin and mineral deficiencies and that breeders can feed their animals more adequately and balancedly with small guidance