What Does John W. Budd’s Theory of ‘Employment with A Human Face’ Say for 21st Century Employment Relations?

When we look at the 21st century in the context of employment relations, we could not see a heart-warming scene. Roughly, it is possible to say that the mechanisms that protect the working life have become eroded or loosened and the working life has become increasingly insecure for the employees. In such a case, is it possible to put the working life on a basis with a human face? This paper tries to answer this question by John W. Budd’s theory of ‘employment with a human face’. The paper begins with a section on the frames of reference which is an important concept in employment relations literature. The next section presents the main points of the Budd’s theory and tries to answer the question