Classification of azospermic and oligospermic patients by spermiogram parameters

Aim: Infertility can be defined as the fact that married couples do not have a pregnancy despite one year of unprotected intercourse. In couples, infertility is caused by genetic problems in 10% of females and 15% in males. Male infertility is also caused by infections, toxic substances, blockages and varicocele. The most important test to be applied in the determination of male infertility is spermiogram analysis. According to the results of the spermiogram, there is no sperm in the semen fluid and azospermia, and the small number of them are called oligospermia. In our study, we aimed to determine how spermiogram and gonadotropine test parameters change in azospermia, oligospermia and normal patient groups. Another aim was to calculate the distribution percentages of these patients according to the azospermia reasons. Material and Method: The method used in the study is routine spermiogram analysis. Viscosity, liquefaction, pH, volume, motility, Kruger and gonadotropine level were used as test parameters. Anova, Mann Whitney U and discriminant analyzes were performed to determine which test parameters were effective in the differentiation of patient groups. Results: According to the results obtained, 7% of azospermia patients had infection, 9% had genetic problems, 5% had undescended testis, 22% had testicular dysfunction and 22% varicocele. 35% of patients admitted to our clinic with complaints of infertility. When the normal population and azospermia patients were compared, it was determined that the rate of abnormality of liquefaction and viscose was high in azospermia patients, pH and volume did not differ, and gonadotropine levels were high in azospermia patients according to the literature. In addition, FSH, LH and testosterone levels were found to differ between patient groups. Spermiogram parameters showed that only sperm volume was different between azospermia and normal patient groups. Conclusion: In patients with azospermia and oligospermia, FSH, LH levels were increased and testosterone levels were partially decreased in these patients. As an exception, in advanced varicocele cases with azospermia, hormone levels are normal. Prolactin and estradiol are normal in azospermia and oligospermia patients. It was determined that sperm volume, morphology, motility and number of sperm were important in the differentiation of patients. As a result; In the differentiation of these patients, the level of FSH, LH and testosterone, sperm volume, morphology, motility and total sperm is sufficient to determine