SOCIAL SYSTEM THEORY AND ITS EFFECTS ON EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

The concept of the social system refers to the formal structure of role and status that can form in a small, stable group. An individual may belong to multiple social systems at once; examples of social systems include nuclear family units, communities, cities, nations, college campuses, corporations, and industries. The organization and definition of groups within a social system depend on various shared characteristics such as location, socioeconomic status, race, religion, societal function, or other distinguishable features. Talcott Parsons was the first to propose a systematic social system theory, which he developed as part of the paradigm of adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency/pattern maintenance. The social system defined it as only part (or sub-system) of the so-called action theory. Parsons organized social systems in terms of action units, where one action executed by an individual is one unit and he defines a social system as a network of interactions between actors. Parsons' work ignited the debate over what framework social systems should be built around, such as actions, communication, or other relationships. This study, designed as a theoretical review of Talcott Parsons' theories, also examines the effects of theories on education. This study consists of Parsons' structural-functional theory, general action theory, organizational and evolutionary concepts, and education-related parts of the theory. In this study, Parsons' Theory is analyzed in all aspects and a theoretical analysis of how the theory is reflected in educational organizations is presented