MONGOL DOMINANCE TO DESHT-I QIPCHAQ AND CUMAN-KIPCHAKS

After establishment of the Grand Mongol Empire by Genghis Khan at the beginning of the thirteen century, one of the targets of the Mongol army under the command of Jebe and Subutai became the Desht-i Qipchaq. When the Mongol army came to this wide area, extending from Irtysh River to the Carpathian Mountains, they encountered the Cuman-Kipchaks. As a result of the Battle Of Kalka in 1223, the Cuman-Kipchaks took the heaviest blow from the Mongols in the region they have been ruling since one hundred and fifty years. After the victory of the Mongols in the territory of Cuman-Kipchaks, some groups were submitted to the Golden Horde and some groups had to migrate to the lands of the Balkans and the Volga Bulgarians. Cuman-Kipchaks who took important missions in the Golden Horde, also played an important role in the Turkification of this state. Some group of Cuman-Kipchaks which had to migrate to the Balkans after the defeat they had suffered as the result of the second Kipchak campaign have played an important role in the Bulgarian and Romanian states established in the region by providing the Turkification of the Balkans before the Ottoman Empire. After establishment of the Golden Horde, the name of region was also known as Desht-i Qipchaq and those who came from Batu Khan’s dynasty were named Khan of Kipchak. In this article the relation of the Mongols and Cuman-Kipchaks will be dealt during domination of Mongol armies Desht-i Qipchaq region and during the domination struggles