Biophysical Mechanisms and Medical Usage of Patch Clamp Technique

Patch clamp technique is an electrobiophysical measurement method in which the ionic current passing through the membrane is recorded by the desired value clamping of the cell membrane potential, or the membrane potential change is recorded by clamping the current value, by contacting the cells with a special microelectrode. For the purpose of the study; there are four different patch clamp applications: cell attached-on cell recording, whole-cell recording, outside-out recording, and inside-out recording. Patch clamp technique has an important role in the investigation of epidemiology of diseases that are caused by the decrease or increase of the concentrations of calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions in the cell. Patch clamp technique is used for the analysis of ionic current changes in ion channels in cell lines and primary cell cultures and the investigation of activators and inhibitors of ion channels for the treatment of many diseases such as arrhythmia, diabetes, epilepsy and cardiovascular diseases