Evaluation of Industrialization Effects on Urbanization and Heat Island Formation Using Remote Sensing Technologies; A Case of Istanbul Ba？c？lar District

The new industrial labor opportunities started in the 1980s in Istanbul Ba？c？lar district caused a population shift from the countryside to the cities. Depending on the increase in urbanization, urban energy consumption causes urban heat island (UHI) formation in the region by changing local heat models. In this study, the spatial and temporal effects of industrialization on urbanization and heat island formation in Istanbul Ba？c？lar district for 1980-2000 and 2015 years were examined. According to results, in the region, UHIs distribution over the years changed based on the industrial locations and urbanization pattern. In densely built-up and industrial areas, UHIs distribution slightly differs from other sparsely distributed built-up areas due to the spectral response of constructed surfaces in the heat range of the electromagnetic spectrum. UHI mainly clustered in the western, northeastern and central part of the region where the densities of built-up areas are high. In the region, from 1986 to 2015 the UHI effects in the western, northeastern and central part of the region increased not only depend on the increase in urbanization and industrialization but also depend on industrial relocation