The Impact of Nutrigenomics From Genotype to Phenotype

Nutrigenomics is a new discipline that uses molecular techniques to understand and analyze the biological responses that certain nutrients and / or bioactive substances form after they enter the body. A correct understanding of the nutritional response in the metabolic processes in the organism is primarily possible at cellular level. ‘Omic’ technologies are utilized to examine the effect of nutrients as a whole by establishing gene / gene expression-protein-metabolite and environment relationship. Genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic technologies and microbiota analysis provide important results in order to apply personalized nutrition. Nutrigenomic brings together all the scientific data from omic technologies and microbiota studies to offer a person-specific nutritional advice to specific biological needs based on a person’s health status. As the gene-diet interaction is resolved, appropriate nutritional prescriptions will be developed to prevent numerous complex and chronic diseases or reduce the effects of diseases. This review aims to give information about the effects of nutrients on the organism within the framework of nutrigenomic technologies