Osmanl？ Devleti’nin Gu？？ Kaybetmeye Ba？lad？？？ D？nemlerde ？ark Meselesi

Abstract Among the concept of nation, which we express with our current logic, and the factors affecting the formation of this concept, psycho-social reasons, success in creating the other, and strategies developed and maintained in line with this success play a major role. Identity, which Western society defines itself, is its success in creating the other. In this success, the European Hunsare in the historical background of the mental structure, which constitutes the east-westcontrast, and in the following periods, the Muslim Turkscome. According to many opinions, The Eastern Question, which is a nineteenth century argument, is not only an argument from that period, but it can be reduced to much older dates about it sorigin. As Europeans became stronger in the following periods, they aimed to transform the Ottoman geography, where they could keep alive and sustain their imperial policies, into region where they could maintain their hegemonic power. For the first time in the 1815 ViennaCongress, the disintegrate on process of the Ottoman Empire was brought to the agenda with in the scope of theEastern Question and with in the scope of this agenda, the minorities in the Ottoman Nation system were manipulated with the demands of independence and this supported the efforts that accelerated the disintegration of theOttomanState. The Ottoman Empire, on the other hand, tried to over come this chaotic situation, which was described as the “Longest Century of the Empire’’, with the least damage through a series of reformist policies, but could not prevent the losses of big land and the liquidationprocess of the state. There is a widespread belief that the issue is still continuing with different version sand that it has not been closed before the Europeans. In this study, an effort has been made to shed more light on the subject. The study will certainly not be the last word on the subject